It Architecture St Guide 1844582

Which proclamation best portrays the connection between Oracle Reference Architecture (ROR) and the Oracle items? A. ROR depicts the design worked in to the Oracle items. B. ROR portrays the engineering hidden the Oracle Fusion Applications. C. ROR portrays an item skeptic design and afterward maps the Oracle items onto the engineering. D. ROR depicts an engineering that is only founded on Oracle items. Theme 3: Application InfrastructureExplain Introduction Oracle Reference Architecture application framework Describe Distributed Computing Concepts Describe Grid Computing Capabilities and Architectural Concepts Describe Cloud Computing Capabilities and Architectural Concepts Describe Fertilization and how it assumes a key job in the establishment framework Describe the job of Containers in the Application Infrastructure Management capacities and how reserving assumes a necessary job Create the Product Mapping View to outline items to the application framework layers Describe Data Pra ctitioner ROR Application Infrastructure FoundationSample Questions 1 . Select the most suitable motivation behind why three-level engineering is a superior design decision than straightforward Client-Server engineering for complex undertaking applications. A. Three-level engineering utilizes three strings to run the applications, so execution is better. B. Three-level engineering utilizes a layered way to deal with discrete the handling of business rationale, information, and presentation.This permits the levels to be autonomously scaled to boost the venture. C. Three-level engineering joins introduction, business rationale, and information preparing into a solitary layer to dispense with arrange latencies. D. Three-level design moves all preparing to the customer, subsequently decreasing the heap on the server. 2. Which of coming up next is certainly not a trait of Cloud processing? A. Multi-occupancy b. Flexible scaling c. Pay-for-use estimating d. Yearly provisioning Topic 4: Se curity Describe Security Describe Application Security Describe Data Security Describe User Security Explain Common Security Strategies Describe Security Concepts and Capabilities Describe Common Security Standards Describe a Conceptual Architecture View of the Security layer Describe the Logical Architecture View of the Security layer Create the Product Mapping View to reimburse he Oracle items that guide to Security layers ROR security 1.There are various approaches to group applications so as to evaluate business hazards and appoint proper security arrangements. Which of coming up next isn't depicted as an essential meaner to characterize an application? A. By the client network it serves, for example, HER, money, all representatives, overall population, etc b. By the data it handles, for example, ordered data, individual data, freely accessible data, etc c. Y business criticality, for example, income producing applications versus educational applications d. By innovation as well as merchant, for example, . NET versus Java, etc e. By the materialness of existing laws and guidelines relating to security, evaluating, and get to control 2. Review logging is a type of what kind of access control component? A. Criminologist control b. Preventive control c. Hindrance control d. Restorative control e. Repaying control f. Spreads control Topic 5: Engineering Review Oracle Reference Architecture Engineering, resource driven designing and related principles Describe Oracle Reference Architecture Engineering Concepts and Capabilities Describe the Conceptual Architecture View model for Oracle Reference Architecture Engineering ND the capacities required for a building framework Use Logical Oracle Reference Architecture Engineering Architecture View segments of the designing condition and show how they are associated with one another Describe the Deployment Oracle Reference Architecture Engineering View bundling and organization related parts of Oracle Reference Archite cture Engineering Create the Product Mapping View to show how Oracle items fit on to the sensible model to understand the building foundation Describe Oracle Reference Architecture Engineering essential prescribed procedures ROR Software Engineering ROR Engineered Systems 1 . You are building up a mix part that utilizes client information. The source framework characterizes client information in an unexpected organization in comparison to anticipated. Which of the accompanying choices best portrays how you would build up the segment? A. Make an item portrayal of client information and use it in the part. B. Externalities the information change by mapping the source information configuration to an authoritative information design. C. The information designs are unique, so it is absurd to expect to build up the segment. D. Compose the information from the source framework into a database and read it back in the normal format.Topic 6: Integration Explain Service-situated combination ND how this varies from increasingly customary mix approaches Describe rules that ought to be met by any design that indicates to help a Service-arranged way to deal with reconciliation Create Logical Architecture View segments of the Information Management condition Describe Development View of Service-arranged Integration Describe Process View of Service-situated Integration Create the Product Mapping View to represent how Oracle items can be utilized to understand the engineering Use Service-situated Integration's incorporation examples and message trade examples to recognize best methodologies or joining situations ROR Service-situated Integration 1 . Which explanation best depicts the connection between the Service-arranged Integration (SO') design and the Application Integration Architecture (AI) item from Oracle? A. Simulated intelligence is an item explicit usage of the OSI design. B. Artificial intelligence is a customary Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) design; along these lines AI doesn't follow the OSI engineering. C. Man-made intelligence is an Oracle item that maps to a portion of the layers and capacities characterized by the OSI engineering. D.AI is one of numerous Oracle items that maps onto the OSI design. . Which proclamation best depicts how Service-arranged Integration (SO') varies from customary Enterprise Application Integration (EAI)? A. OSI is Just similar to EAI with the exception of that a help transport is utilized rather than a center point or message transport. B. OSI is not quite the same as center based EAI, yet is equivalent to EAI utilizing a message transport. C. OSI utilizes a point-to-point incorporation approach dependent on the Web Services industry measures. D. OSI utilizes SO Services that are isolated and particular from the applications being coordinated. E. EAI incorporates applications while SO coordinates SO Services. Gatherings. 2012 Oracle Corporation †Proprietary a Confidential Topic 7: Management and Monitoring Explain Management and Visibility Gap Describe Common Management and Monitoring Standards Describe Key Management and Monitoring Capabilities Describe Conceptual View model for Management and Monitoring and the abilities required for a Management and Monitoring foundation Identify the Logic View segments of the Management and Monitoring condition Create the Product Mapping View to show how Oracle items can be utilized to understand the design Describe how the Deployment View characterizes how Oracle items may be sent to physical equipment ROR Management and Monitoring 1 . Which of coming up next are abilities given by the Monitoring Engine inside the Logical perspective on the Management and Monitoring design? A. Asset Monitor b. Framework Monitor c. Assortment Monitor d. Administration Monitor 2. When mapping Oracle Products onto the Logical view, what is the best methodology? A. Use the board packs, connectors, and modules to make a modified item mapping for the Logica l view. B.Use Oracle Enterprise Manager to give center capacities required by the three layers for Oracle stack, and use the executives packs, connectors, and modules for non-Oracle stack. C. Utilize an Oracle Enterprise Manager item to give all the abilities required by the three layers in the Management and Monitoring engineering. D. Utilize an outsider to give all abilities required by the three layers in the Management and Monitoring design. Gatherings. 0 2012 Oracle Corporation †Proprietary and Confidential Topic 8: Service Orientation Explain the essential ideas of the Oracle Reference Architecture Describe how Definition of a Service gives an unambiguous meaning of Service Oriented Architecture Service utilized as a structure hinder with a Service Oriented ArchitectureDescribe how Combining Technology Perspectives characterizes how unique Enterprise Technology Strategies can be joined by following the central ideas of Oracle Reference Architecture ROR Service Orientation 1 . The Oracle Reference Architecture (ROR) incorporates the idea of Technology Perspectives. Which proclamations are genuine concerning ROR and Technology Perspectives? A. Every Technology Perspective spotlights on a specific arrangement of items and innovation. B. A Technology Perspective incorporates both reference engineering sees just as commonsense direction and approaches for effectively actualizing he changes required to grasp the items and innovation. C. The Technology Perspectives can be utilized separately or in blends, for instance, SO with Bal. D. The Technology Perspectives can be utilized separately or in combinations.When utilized in mixes, the SO Technology Perspective must be incorporated . E. Every Technology Perspective is a piece of ROR and is a piece of an Enterprise Technology Strategy; I. E. A Technology Perspective is the association among ROR and an Enterprise Technology Strategy. 2. Which of coming up next are instances of the administration and perceivab ility hole between he generally observed IT framework assets and the Services? A. On-going Shift to Move to an Agile Shared Service Co

General Motors Corporation General Motors Corporation

â€Å"General Motors is one of three driving car fabricating organizations in the United States. â€Å"General Motors merupakan salah satu dari tiga perusahaan manufaktur otomotif terkemuka di Amerika Serikat. Situated in Michigan in 1903 by Henry portage and developed to arrive at income of $150 billion and in excess of 370,000 workers by 1996. Berbasis di Michigan pada tahun 1903 oleh Henry portage dan tumbuh untuk mencapai pendapatan sebesar $ 150 miliar dan lebih dari 370. 00 karyawan pada tahun 1996. In the 1970's, the vehicle showcase for the significant automobile producers †General Motors (GM), Ford, and Chrysler-was crunched by rivalry from remote makes, for example, Toyota and Honda. Pada 1970-a, pasar mobil untuk para pembuat mobil utama †General Motors (GM), Ford, dan Chrysler-adalah berderak oleh persaingan dari luar negeri manufaktur seperti Toyota dan Honda.In 1999, Ford procured the Swedish Volvo model trying to contend in the remote market and grow to dif ferent locales. † Pada tahun 1999, model Ford mengakuisisi Volvo Swedia dalam upaya untuk bersaing di pasar asing dan memperluas ke daerah lain. † General Motors needs to utilize the business procedure reengineering for the data frameworks foundation to cut redundancies and requiring data process and the connection among Ford focus in world wide.General Motors perlu menggunakan rekayasa ulang expositions bisnis untuk infrastruktur sistem informasi untuk memotong redundancies dan memproses informasi membutuhkan dan interface di antara pusat Ford di seluruh dunia. â€Å"General Motors executed a 3-year intend to unite their different work area frameworks into one. â€Å"General Motors mengimplementasikan rencana 3 tahun untuk mengkonsolidasikan beberapa sistem work area mereka menjadi satu. This new procedure included supplanting the various brands of work area frameworks, arrange Proses baru ini melibatkan berbagai merek menggantikan sistem

2015 Eisner Nominations Are Out!

2015 Eisner Nominations Are Out! The nominations for the 2015 Eisner Awards are out! The nominees: Best Short Story “Beginning’s End,” by Rina Ayuyang, muthamagazine.com “Corpse on the Imjin!” by Peter Kuper, in Masterful Marks: Cartoonists Who Changed the World (Simon Schuster) “Rule Number One,” by Lee Bermejo, in Batman Black and White #3 (DC) “The Sound of One Hand Clapping,” by Max Landis Jock, in Adventures of Superman #14 (DC) “When the Darkness Presses,” by Emily Carroll,  http://emcarroll.com/comics/darkness/ Best Single Issue (or One-Shot) Astro City #16: “Wish I May” by Kurt Busiek Brent Anderson (Vertigo/DC) Beasts of Burden: Hunters and Gatherers, by Evan Dorkin Jill Thompson (Dark Horse) Madman in Your Face 3D Special, by Mike Allred (Image) Marvel 75th Anniversary Celebration #1 (Marvel) The Multiversity: Pax Americana #1, by Grant Morrison Frank Quitely (DC) Best Continuing Series Astro City, by Kurt Busiek Brent Anderson (Vertigo) Bandette, by Paul Tobin Colleen Coover (Monkeybrain) Hawkeye, by Matt Fraction David Aja (Marvel) Saga, by Brian K. Vaughan Fiona Staples (Image) Southern Bastards, by Jason Aaron Jason Latour (Image) The Walking Dead, by Robert Kirkman, Charlie Adlard, Stefano Gaudiano (Image/Skybound) Best Limited Series Daredevil: Road Warrior, by Mark Waid Peter Krause (Marvel Infinite Comics) Little Nemo: Return to Slumberland, by Eric Shanower Garbriel Rodriguez (IDW) The Multiversity, by Grant Morrison et al. (DC) The Private Eye, by Brian K. Vaughan Marcos Martin (Panel Syndicate) The Sandman: Overture, by Neil Gaiman J. H. Williams III (Vertigo/DC) Best New Series The Fade Out, by Ed Brubaker Sean Phillips (Image) Lumberjanes, by Shannon Watters, Grace Ellis, Noelle Stevenson, Brooke A. Allen (BOOM! Box) Ms. Marvel, by G. Willow Wilson Adrian Alphona (Marvel) Rocket Raccoon, by Skottie Young (Marvel) The Wicked + The Divine, by Kieron Gillen Jamie McKelvie (Image) Best Publication for Early Readers (up to age 7) BirdCatDog, by Lee Nordling Meritxell Bosch (Lerner/Graphic Universe) A Cat Named Tim And Other Stories, by John Martz (Koyama Press) Hello Kitty, Hello 40: A Celebration in 40 Stories, edited by Traci N. Todd Elizabeth Kawasaki (VIZ) Mermin, Book 3: Deep Dives, by Joey Weiser (Oni) The Zoo Box, by Ariel Cohn Aron Nels Steinke (First Second) Best Publication for Kids (ages 8-12) Batman Li’l Gotham, vol. 2, by Derek Fridolfs Dustin Nguyen (DC) El Deafo, by Cece Bell (Amulet/Abrams) I Was the Cat, by Paul Tobin Benjamin Dewey (Oni) Little Nemo: Return to Slumberland, by Eric Shanower Gabriel Rodriguez (IDW) Tiny Titans: Return to the Treehouse, by Art Baltazar Franco (DC) Best Publication for Teens (ages 13-17) Doomboy, by Tony Sandoval (Magnetic Press) The Dumbest Idea Ever, by Jimmy Gownley (Graphix/Scholastic) Lumberjanes, by Shannon Watters, Grace Ellis, Noelle Stevenson, Brooke A. Allen (BOOM! Box) Meteor Men, by Jeff Parker Sandy Jarrell (Oni) The Shadow Hero, by Gene Luen Yang Sonny Liew (First Second) The Wrenchies, by Farel Dalrymple (First Second) Best Humor Publication The Complete Cul de Sac, by Richard Thompson (Andrews McMeel) Dog Butts and Love. And Stuff Like That. And Cats. by Jim Benton (NBM) Groo vs. Conan, by Sergio Aragonés, Mark Evanier, Tom Yeates (Dark Horse) Rocket Raccoon, by Skottie Young (Marvel) Superior Foes of Spider-Man, by Nick Spencer Steve Lieber (Marvel) Best Digital/Web Comic Bandette, by Paul Tobin Colleen Coover Failing Sky by Dax Tran-Caffee The Last Mechanical Monster, by Brian Fies Nimona, by Noelle Stephenson The Private Eye by Brian Vaughan Marcos Martin Best Anthology In the Dark: A Horror Anthology, edited by Rachel Deering (Tiny Behemoth Press/IDW) Little Nemo: Dream Another Dream, edited by Josh O’Neill, Andrew Carl, Chris Stevens (Locust Moon) Massive: Gay Erotic Manga and the Men Who Make It, edited by Ann Ishii, Chip Kidd, Graham Kolbeins (Fantagraphics) Masterful Marks: Cartoonists Who Changed the World, edited by Monte Beauchamp (Simon Schuster) To End All Wars: The Graphic Anthology of The First World War, edited by Jonathan Clode John Stuart Clark (Soaring Penguin) Best Reality-Based Work Can’t We Talk About Something More Pleasant? by Roz Chast (Bloomsbury) Dragon’s Breath and Other True Stories, by MariNaomi (2d Cloud/Uncivilized Books) El Deafo, by Cece Bell (Amulet/Abrams) Hip Hop Family Tree, vol. 2, by Ed Piskor (Fantagraphics) Nathan Hale’s Hazardous Tales: Treaties, Trenches, Mud, and Blood, by Nathan Hale (Abrams) To End All Wars: The Graphic Anthology of The First World War, edited by Jonathan Clode John Stuart Clark (Soaring Penguin) Best Graphic Albumâ€"New The Gigantic Beard That Was Evil, by Stephen Collins (Picador) Here, by Richard McGuire (Pantheon) Kill My Mother, by Jules Feiffer (Liveright) The Motherless Oven, by Rob Davis (SelfMadeHero) Seconds, by Bryan Lee O’Malley (Ballantine Books) This One Summer, by Mariko Tamaki Jillian Tamaki (First Second) Best Graphic Albumâ€"Reprint Dave Dorman’s Wasted Lands Omnibus (Magnetic Press) How to Be Happy, by Eleanor Davis (Fantagraphics) Jim, by Jim Woodring (Fantagraphics) Sock Monkey Treasury, by Tony Millionaire (Fantagraphics) Through the Woods, by Emily Carroll (McElderry Books) Best Archival Collection/Projectâ€"Strips (at least 20 years old) Winsor McCay’s Complete Little Nemo, edited by Alexander Braun (TASCHEN) Edgar Rice Burroughs’s Tarzan: The Sunday Comics, 1933â€"1935, by Hal Foster, edited by Brendan Wright (Dark Horse) Moomin: The Deluxe Anniversary Edition, by Tove Jansson, edited by Tom Devlin (Drawn Quarterly) Pogo, vol. 3: Evidence to the Contrary, by Walt Kelly, edited by Carolyn Kelly Eric Reynolds (Fantagraphics) Walt Disney’s Mickey Mouse, vols. 5-6, by Floyd Gottfredson, edited by David Gerstein Gary Groth (Fantagraphics) Best Archival Collection/Projectâ€"Comic Books (at least 20 Years Old) The Complete ZAP Comix Box Set, edited by Gary Groth, with Mike Catron (Fantagraphics) Steranko Nick Fury Agent of S.H.I.E.L.D. Artist’s Edition, edited by Scott Dunbier (IDW) Walt Disney’s Donald Duck: Trail of the Unicorn, by Carl Barks, edited by Gary Groth (Fantagraphics) Walt Disney’s Uncle Scrooge and Donald Duck: The Son of the Son, by Don Rosa, edited by David Gerstein (Fantagraphics) Walt Kelly’s Pogo: The Complete Dell Comics, vols. 1â€"2, edited by Daniel Herman (Hermes) Witzend, by Wallace Wood et al., edited by Gary Groth, with Mike Catron (Fantagraphics) Best U.S. Edition of International Material Beautiful Darkness, by Fabien Vehlmann Kerascoët (Drawn Quarterly) Blacksad: Amarillo, by Juan Díaz Canales Juanjo Guarnido (Dark Horse) Corto Maltese: Under the Sign of Capricorn, by Hugo Pratt (IDW/Euro Comics) Jaybird, by Lauri Jaakko Ahonen (Dark Horse/SAF) The Leaning Girl, by Benoît Peeters François Schuiten (Alaxis Press) Best U.S. Edition of International Materialâ€"Asia All You Need Is Kill, by Hiroshi Sakurazaka, Ryosuke Takeuchi, Takeshi Obata yoshitoshi ABe (VIZ) In Clothes Called Fat, by Moyoco Anno (Vertical) Master Keaton, vol 1, by Naoki Urasawa, Hokusei Katsushika, Takashi Nagasaki (VIZ) One-Punch Man, by One Yusuke Murata (VIZ) Showa 1939â€"1955 and Showa 1944â€"1953: A History of Japan, by Shigeru Mizuki (Drawn Quarterly) Wolf Children: Ame Yuki, by Mamoru Hosada Yu (Yen Press) Best Writer Jason Aaron, Original Sin, Thor, Men of Wrath (Marvel); Southern Bastards (Image) Kelly Sue DeConnick, Captain Marvel (Marvel); Pretty Deadly (Image) Grant Morrison, The Multiversity (DC); Annihilator (Legendary Comics) Brian K. Vaughan, Saga (Image); Private Eye (Panel Syndicate) G. Willow Wilson, Ms. Marvel (Marvel) Gene Luen Yang, Avatar: The Last Airbender (Dark Horse); The Shadow Hero (First Second) Best Writer/Artist Sergio Aragonés, Sergio Aragonés Funnies (Bongo); Groo vs. Conan (Dark Horse) Charles Burns, Sugar Skull (Pantheon) Stephen Collins, The Giant Beard That Was Evil (Picador) Richard McGuire, Here (Pantheon) Stan Sakai, Usagi Yojimbo: Senso, Usagi Yojimbo Color Special: The Artist (Dark Horse) Raina Telgemeier, Sisters (Graphix/Scholastic) Best Penciller/Inker Adrian Alphona, Ms. Marvel (Marvel) Mike Allred, Silver Surfer (Marvel); Madman in Your Face 3D Special (Image) Frank Quitely, Multiversity (DC) François Schuiten, The Leaning Girl (Alaxis Press) Fiona Staples, Saga (Image) Babs Tarr, Batgirl (DC) Best Painter/Multimedia Artist (interior art) Lauri Jaakko Ahonen, Jaybird (Dark Horse) Colleen Coover, Bandette (Monkeybrain) Mike Del Mundo, Elektra (Marvel) Juanjo Guarnido, Blacksad: Amarillo (Dark Horse) J. H. Williams III, The Sandman: Overture (Vertigo/DC) Best Cover Artist Darwyn Cooke, DC Comics Darwyn Cooke Month Variant Covers (DC) Mike Del Mundo, Elektra, X-Men: Legacy, A+X, Dexter, Dexter Down Under (Marvel) Francesco Francavilla, Afterlife with Archie (Archie); Grindhouse: Doors Open at Midnight (Dark Horse); The Twilight Zone, Django/Zorro (Dynamite); X-Files (IDW) Jamie McKelvie/Matthew Wilson, The Wicked + The Divine (Image); Ms. Marvel (Marvel) Phil Noto, Black Widow (Marvel) Alex Ross, Astro City (Vertigo/DC); Batman 66: The Lost Episode, Batman 66 Meets Green Hornet (DC/Dynamite) Best Coloring Laura Allred, Silver Surfer (Marvel); Madman in Your Face 3D Special (Image) Nelson Daniel, Little Nemo: Return to Slumberland, Judge Dredd, Wild Blue Yonder (IDW) Lovern Kindzierski, The Graveyard Book, vols. 1-2 (Harper) Matthew Petz, The Leg (Top Shelf) Dave Stewart, Hellboy in Hell, BPRD, Abe Sapien, Baltimore, Lobster Johnson, Witchfinder, Shaolin Cowboy, Aliens: Fire and Stone, DHP (Dark Horse) Matthew Wilson, Adventures of Superman (DC); The Wicked + The Divine (Image), Daredevil, Thor (Marvel) Best Lettering Joe Caramagna, Ms. Marvel, Daredevil (Marvel) Todd Klein, Fables, The Sandman: Overture, The Unwritten (Vertigo/DC); Nemo: The Roses of Berlin (Top Shelf) Max, Vapor (Fantagraphics) Jack Morelli, Afterlife with Archie, Archie, Betty and Veronica, etc. (Archie) Stan Sakai, Usagi Yojimbo: Senso, Usagi Yojimbo Color Special: The Artist (Dark Horse) Best Comics-Related Periodical/Journalism Alter Ego, edited by Roy Thomas (TwoMorrows) Comic Book Creator, edited by Jon B. Cooke (TwoMorrows) Comic Book Resources, edited by Jonah Weiland Comics Alliance, edited by Andy Khouri, Caleb Goellner, Andrew Wheeler, Joe Hughes tcj.com,  edited by Dan Nadel Timothy Hodler (Fantagraphics) Best Comics-Related Book Comics Through Time: A History of Icons, Idols, and Ideas (4 vols.), edited by M. Keith Booker (ABC-CLIO) Creeping Death from Neptune: The Life and Comics of Basil Wolverton, by Greg Sadowski (Fantagraphics) Genius Animated: The Cartoon Art of Alex Toth, vol. 3, by Dean Mullaney Bruce Canwell (IDW/LOAC) What Fools These Mortals Be: The Story of Puck, by Michael Alexander Kahn Richard Samuel West (IDW/LOAC) 75 Years of Marvel Comics: From the Golden Age to the Silver Screen, by Roy Thomas Josh Baker (TASCHEN) Best Scholarly/Academic Work American Comics, Literary Theory, and Religion: The Superhero Afterlife, by A. David Lewis (Palgrave Macmillan) Considering Watchmen: Poetics, Property, Politics, by Andrew Hoberek (Rutgers University Press) Funnybooks: The Improbable Glories of the Best American Comic Books, by Michael Barrier (University of California Press) Graphic Details: Jewish Women’s Confessional Comics in Essays and Interviews, edited by Sarah Lightman (McFarland) The Origins of Comics: From William Hogarth to Winsor McCay, by Thierry Smolderen, tr. by Bart Beaty Nick Nguyen (University Press of Mississippi) Wide Awake in Slumberland: Fantasy, Mass Culture, and Modernism in the Art of Winsor McCay, by Katherine Roeder (University Press of Mississippi) Best Publication Design Batman: Kelley Jones Gallery Edition, designed by Josh Beatman/Brainchild Studios (Graphitti/DC) The Complete ZAP Comix Box Set, designed by Tony Ong (Fantagraphics) Little Nemo: Dream Another Dream, designed by Jim Rugg (Locust Moon) Street View, designed by Pascal Rabate (NBM/Comics Lit) Winsor McCay’s Complete Little Nemo, designed by Anna Tina Kessler (TASCHEN) Sign up to The Stack to receive  Book Riot Comic's best posts, picked for you. 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Olaudah Equiano s Life Of The Nineteenth Century African...

â€Å"I was named Olaudah, which in our language signifies vicissitude, or fortunate; also, one favored, and having a loud voice and well spoken† (Equiano 23). This quote comes from the autobiography The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, which as the title states, illustrates the life of the eighteenth century African American writer, Olaudah Equiano. The quote mentioned foreshadows the more favorable slave life the author experienced in contrast to the average Atlantic serf in the eighteenth century. After reading the narrative, the reader can infer Equiano’s enslavement at a young age, paired with his upbringing away from the western European colonies, contributed to his uncommon fortune, which would later give him promising opportunities. Throughout his book, we can compare his fortune to the disparaging lifestyle of a common slave. Equiano’s experience should not be used to generalize typical Atlantic slavery during the eighteenth century, however through his eyes, we gain crucial insight into slavery and race relations at that point in history. In order to understand Equiano’s fortunes that set him apart from the average Atlantic slave, it is important to understand the different aspects that contributed to his distinct experiences. Equiano’s initial enslavement as a youth likely allowed him to receive empathy from various masters. Furthermore, his early enslavement in a more tolerable Europe, instead of the cruel, rigid western European coloniesShow MoreRelatedThe Life Of Frederick Douglass And Olaudah Equiano1398 Words   |  6 Pageseighteenth century is something that in today’s millennium a person could not even dream of. Slaves were known to be illiterate; however there are few that had the opportunity to be educated and from them society has a small glimpse into the past. There are two slaves in particular that give people a way to see life through their eyes. Frederick Douglass and Olaudah Equiano were two slaves during those times that were forced into the world of slavery. Frederick Douglassà ¢â‚¬â„¢s â€Å"Narrative of the Life of FrederickRead More Interpretations of Slavery Essay3734 Words   |  15 PagesInterpretations of Slavery INTRODUCTION Slavery is known to have existed as early as the 18th century B.C. during the Shang Dynasty of China. Slavery was widely practiced in many other countries, including, Korea, India, Greece, Mexico and Africa. (Britannica 288-89). When most people consider slavery, however, they think of Western slavery in North America because it is well documented and it was such a horrible institution. Even though there is no one definition of slavery, the people who studyRead MoreThe Harlem Renaissance and Slave Narratives1431 Words   |  6 PagesRenaissance began around the 1920’s and was the hub of African American artistic endeavors, with less discrimination, more freedom, and amazing strides in politics and economics which was very different from how the slaves lived and hoped, but there still were similarities like a will for a better life, and hope for the future which both embraced even though they were in a dreadful position. Of course there also are differences, in this case that Harlem writers and artist were more educated and sawRead MoreThe Transatlantic Slave Trade Often Known As The Triangular1411 Words   |  6 Pagesapproximately four centuries and can be viewed as one of the first ideas of globalization . The ship would move from the Americas to Western Europe with raw materials, then to Africa with manufactured goods. Lastly, from Africa the Americas with African slaves. Thus the movement of over 12.5 million slaves from Africa and 10.7 million slaves arriving in the Americas. The slave trade changed to the demographics of the world forever. Many historians ask why did the European countries choose African for theirRead MoreThe Emergence Of The United States As An Independent Country, And African American Literature Essay1769 Words   |  8 PagesAfrican -American history predated the emergence of the United States as an independent country, and African – American literature was similarly in deep roots. Jupiter Hammon who was considered as the first published Black writer in America. In 1761, he published his first poem named â€Å"An Evening Thought: Salvation by Christ with Penitential Cries†. Through his poem, he implemented the idea of a gradual emancipation as a way to end slavery. 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Beginnings to 1700 Great mixing of peoples from the whole Atlantic basin Bloody conflicts between Native Americans (or American Indians) and European explorers and settlers who had both religious and territorial aspirations - Native American oral literature / oral tradition - European explorers’ letters, diaries, reports, etc., such as Christopher Columbus’s letters about his voyage to the â€Å"New world†. - Anglo (New England) settlers’ books, sermonsRead MoreBibliographic Essay on African American History6221 Words   |  25 PagesBibliographic Essay on African American History Introduction In the essay â€Å"On the Evolution of Scholarship in Afro- American History† the eminent historian John Hope Franklin declared â€Å"Every generation has the opportunity to write its own history, and indeed it is obliged to do so.†1 The social and political revolutions of 1960s have made fulfilling such a responsibility less daunting than ever. Invaluable references, including Darlene Clark Hine, ed. Black Women in

Pros of Lowering Drinking Age Outline Free Essays

Affirmative side for Lowering Legal Drinking Age (OUTLINE) 1) Human rights. * Individuals who are legally allowed to vote and get married, sign legal contracts, smoke cigarettes, can be responsible when it comes to drinking alcohol as well. Turning 18 allows one to make their own decisions in life. We will write a custom essay sample on Pros of Lowering Drinking Age Outline or any similar topic only for you Order Now * Evidence #1: â€Å"National Youth Rights Association does not feel this is an issue primarily about alcohol; rather it is an issue about equality, respect, discrimination and freedom. Americans of all ages, races, genders, and ethnicities deserve equal respect, and they deserve the right to make their own choices in life. † 2) Drink safely in regulated environments * Prohibiting this age group from drinking in bars, restaurants, and other licensed locations causes them to drink in unsupervised places such as house parties where they may be more prone to binge drinking and other unsafe behavior. * Evidence #1: â€Å"Among college students, a decade’s worth of research in the College Alcohol Study found the proportion of students engaging in frequent binge drinking had increased. Compared to 1993, more 18- 24 year students who chose to drink in 2001 were drinking excessively- as defined by frequency of drinking occasions, frequency of drunkenness, and drinking to get drunk. † * Evidence #2: â€Å"College students experienced a nearly 10 percent increase in the rate of drinking to get drunk between 1993 and 2001, which corresponded to an increase in secondary consequences and treatment for alcohol overdose. * Evidence #3: â€Å" National estimates suggest that among full-time college students, 690,000 are involved in assaults, 97,000 are involved in rapes, and 599,000 are injured as a result of alcohol† 3) Ineffective * Evidence #1 (Prohibition did not work then): â€Å"In 1920, alcoholic beverages were banned in the United States. However, the government had created a huge black market for the intoxicating substance by encouraging the drinkers to switch to spirits. It is believed widely to have been a misguided and failed social experiment that made alcohol problems worse. † Evidence #2 (Prohibition did not work now): â€Å"95% of those who will be alcohol consumers in their lifetime take their first drink before age 21† * Evidence #3(Prohibition did not work now): â€Å"50% of 18-20 year olds consume alcohol regularly† * Evidence #4(Prohibition did not work now): â€Å"75% of high school seniors, 60% of sophomores and 40% of eight graders have consumed alcohol† * Evidence #5(Prohibition did not work now): â€Å" 5,000 lives were lost each year by those under the age of 21. Of these, fewer than 40% are traffic fatalities. The vast majority- over 60%- of alcohol-related fatalities take place off roadways† How to cite Pros of Lowering Drinking Age Outline, Essay examples

Collaborative Critical Appraisal of Vulnerable Populations in Disaster

Question: Describe about collaborative critical appraisal of vulnerable populations in disasters. Answer: Vulnerable populations refer to a wide range of individuals such as the homeless, the ethnic and racial minorities, the low-income children who are uninsured, chronically ill individuals, the economically disadvantaged and the elderly. These populations are highly vulnerable in their day-to-day lives and more so, when they are faced with emergencies or particular disasters. Dadaab, Kenya is the largest refugee camp in the world. More than 400,000 people fled from their countries in times of disaster, to settle there. The place is hot, sandy and windy and it stays for long before receiving rains. Among the residents of the camp, are 13,000 elderly people. This article critically appraises the vulnerability of the elderly (people above 50 years old) by assessing their immediate nutritional needs. In order to assess these nutritional needs, the article identifies nutritional status indicators that would be used, provides a description of how the vulnerability would be investigated, how the elderly would be involved and the particular challenges that would be faced in the process. Several guiding principles have been created to help the older people to deal with situations of emergencies and/or disasters. The International Plan of Action on Ageing was endorsed by the United Nations General Assembly in 1982. The action plan was created to act as a guide for the thinking as well as for formulating programmes and policies for the aged. Nine years later after the plan was endorsed, the UN principles for Older Persons was adopted (Hokenstad and Restorick Roberts, A 2013). These principles addressed the issues of dignity, care, participation, self-fulfillment and independence. The Madrid International Plan of Action on Ageing (MIPAA) was the first global agreement to recognize older population as contributors to societal development. The plan committed governments to include ageing in all policies on economic and social development as well as programmes that reduce poverty. It also urged governments to ensure that old people are included in programmes and policies to achieve Millennium Development Goals of reducing people who were living in extreme poverty. According to Sidorenko and Walker (2004), 159 countries were in agreement with this action plan, but the problem is that it was not binding legally because its implementation is voluntary. In the Madrid plan, the core issues that can improve the lives of old people, which were recommended were as follows. On decision making and discrimination issues, governments were obliged to implement and promote human rights conventions as well as any other human rights instruments; on the issue of pensions and work, it was recommended that older people be allowed to work for as long as they would like; on health issue, governments agreed to ensure that old people gained access to curative and preventive care and rehabilitation like all other groups; and finally on the supportive environment issue, governments promised to ensure that old people had access to housing that is decent and that they would be free from violence, abuse and neglect (Sidorenko, Mikhailova and Anisimov, 2007). Even though the International plan and the UN Principles provide an action framework, more nutritional approaches and principles are required. HelpAge International (HAI), an international non-governmental organization which helps the elderly to claim their rights, recommended several principles to be used. The principles are specific to nutrition and food interventions in times when there are disasters and they assist in reinforcing the plan of action on ageing of 1982. They are six principles in total. First, older people are supposed to easily access the adequate general ration which is appropriate in terms of quality and quantity and that which is culturally acceptable and easily digestible. Second, the physiological changes which are related to ageing as well as consequences for special needs and nutrition should be reflected in the design of the programmes. Thirdly the elderly should be involved during the assessments, designs and programme implementation. Fourth, the chronic nature of the old peoples needs should be represented in the programme design. Fifth, the support structures that exist within the community should be strengthened and rebuilt as the most essential strategies for nutrition and food assistance programmes for the aged. Lastly, it is important the malnourished old persons be provided equal access to the selective feeding programmes for purposes of nutritional rehabilitation (HelpAge International, 2013). Identification of Nutritional Status Indicators According to Cdc.gov (2016), Nutritional status indicators which are used with CDC growth Charts include short stature, underweight, overweight and obesity. In addition, a group or an individual is ranked on growth chart using percentiles so that they can be referenced where they fit within the population. Anthropometric evaluation would be an important for the geriatric nutritional evaluation of the old people in this population to determine their condition. Anthropometric evaluation would help to find out the individuals who are malnutritioned, underweights, obese, overweight, those who have lost muscular mass, the redistribution of adipose tissue and individuals who have gained fat mass (Snchez-Garca et al., 2007). Anthropometric indicators would be essential in the evaluating the prognosis of acute and chronic conditions in this vulnerable population and aid in coming up with the right intervention. Nutritional status and anthropometric measurements would be evaluated as they relate to gender and age of the healthy elderly individuals. These nutritional status indicators that would be used are closely related to the environment characteristics, genetic makeup, health, lifestyle. Cultural conditions and the functional status of the individuals. Snchez-Garca et al. (2007) points out that anthropometric evaluations that are conducted by trained health professionals are non-invasive, inexpensive and they provide detailed information of body structure components, especially the fat and muscular components and they also assist to assess old peoples nutritional status. The process of ageing involves nutritional and physiological changes which are manifested by the loss of weight and height, loss of muscular mass and the increase of fat mass. The measures used would held indicate the nutritional status as they differ in both women and men. The anthropometric measurements that would be taken for nutritional status indicators will include weight, height, body mass circumferences, knee-heel length, body-mass index (BMI) and Waist to hip ratio (WHR). After the collection of these measures, the data would be validated and stored in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software (Xiaoxin et al., 2014). This would make it easier to analyze data and assess the nutritional needs of this vulnerable population. How Vulnerability would be investigated Old people are nutritionally vulnerable in emergency situations. For instance, in this case study, Abdullahi, aged 70 years, flees from Somalia for insecurity reasons. He is a lucky individual who reached Dadaab Refugee camp in Kenya after travelling for fifteen days (Fritsh, 2011). Abdullahi is nutritionally vulnerable because he is issued with food for three weeks before he gets registered as a refugee. The process is expected to be complete in two months. Meanwhile, Abdullahi might be surviving from borrowing small rations from the other refugees within the camp. According to Runkle, Brock-Martin, Karmaus and Svendsen, (2012), vulnerability does not only happen in the camps, it also happens in other emergency situations. The causes of malnutrition in different situations results from food insecurities within households; inadequate care (social care and health care); and lack of healthcare services and household environments that are inadequate. In Dadaab camp, I would assess vulne rability of the elderly by relating it to either inadequate care or unhealthy environments. The common vulnerabilities that magnify the malnutrition of the elderly include their lack of understanding, disability levels, difficulties to access services and absence of family support. These make older people to be the most vulnerable group in the community. In old age, the quantity and quality of food matter in order to meet the nutrient needs (HelpAge International, 2013). The nutrient density of food should be increased so as to compensate the low energy intakes that exist in the elderly. Just like the other groups within the population, older people require balanced diet. As human body ages, muscle and fat composition changes according to the modifications caused by hormonal activities. Fat stores increase as muscles are lost progressively. This affects an individuals ability to maintain balance as they make movements. The individuals are likely to fall often and their abilities to fight or flee when there is danger are limited. When psychosocial stress, disability or illness leads to loss of appetite in the elderly, there are high chances that they would face nutritional risks which would be worsened further by emergency cases or disasters. Such situations might lead the individuals to have inadequate energy when their bodies require it. How the Old People would be involved in the Assessment In order to conduct the exercise of assessing the nutritional needs as well as vulnerability of the old people in Dadaab camp, I will have to involve them so that the assessment is efficient. The immediate nutrient needs of these individuals vary depending on the different factors that affect the individuals differently. For instance, old people often have different health complications that affect their food consumption. In this refugee camp, some elderly people might be suffering from gum disease or loss of teeth which makes it difficult for them to chew and swallow food. These will be limited to certain types of foods. Others will have physical problems and loss of senses, problems that interfere with the individuals ability to access food or sunlight which is essential for vitamin D. It is also common for individuals to be separated from their immediate family members during disasters if they were suffering from reduced eyesight or mobility. This leads to their inability to successfully find foods or cook. Social isolation occurs to individuals who have lost vision or hearing senses. Such individuals eat alone and this causes poor appetites. Such individuals are undernourished since they dont get the necessary diets (HelpAge International, 2013). In this case study it is necessary to work with the older people during the assessment in order to identify the problems that each one of them faces. This would ensure that every old person is heard and considered in any design that would later be planned. As the assessor, the best way to ensure that I engage every individual would be to move around the camp collecting the information so that even the bedridden ones and those with less mobility can be reached in their tents. Studies indicate that Dadaab Camp is located in a place where the weather is often hot. Though old people are vulnerable to dehydration, the situation may be worsened by the hot weather in the area or outbreaks such as cholera and diarrhea. While assessing the immediate nutritional needs in this area, it is important to determine how accessible safe water is. Such information would best be achieved only if the residents of the camp are engaged. The immune system of human body declines with age. Nutrient deficiencies also compromise immunity levels. When malnutrition combines with age, the older population becomes highly vulnerable to diseases that are infectious. The level of infections would help in assessing the immediate nutritional needs of elderly people in the Camp. Expected Challenges during the Assessment Like in other different cases, the common challenge I would face would be informing communities that there are laws, rules and policies which protect the rights of old people and that they need to be implemented. It is the sovereign obligation of states to protect the vulnerable populations according to the UN resolutions, different intergovernmental organizations and the international law. The international human rights law (IHRL) prohibits any kind of discrimination including discrimination on age basis (Olson, 2009). The law asserts that every individual has fundamental rights and states must protect them at all times even during emergencies. The international humanitarian law (IHL) protects all people during armed conflicts so long as they dont take part in those hostilities. The 1949 Geneva Conventions as well as other 1977 Protocols enshrine this right (Geneva Conventions, 2006). IHL does not represent certain individual groups; however, it considers certain vulnerabilities that are experienced by particular categories in the populations that are conflict-affected (Lanz, Max and Hoehne, 2014). Fourth Geneva Convention has two provisions that request for the attention and protection of groups such as the older individuals: The 14th article, first paragraph mentions aged persons among the the sick, children below fifteen years, mothers with children of less than seven, expectant mothers and the wounded, as the groups that should be specially protected. The seventeenth article of the convention also seeks to protect the infirm, sick, wounded, maternity cases, children and the aged people from conflicting parties (Geneva Conventions, 2006). Even though these conventions offer protection, it would be challenging for them to be implemented. In relation to this case study, where refugees free from their countries and settle in Dadaab, Kenya, the old people are still offered protection by certain rules, laws and policies. It will be challenging to convince the local communities that the refugees have a right to be there and must be protected. The 1951 convention that relates to Refugees status along with different regional and international treaties offer protection to populations that seek security and safety in other territories or countries. The protection also applies to individuals who have been internally displaced according to the international human rights laws. The 1998 Internal Displacement Guiding Principles protect the internally displaced individuals (Ache and Majinge, 2010). The Kampala convention came into being on December 2012. Some of these conventions are not legally binding and this provides challenges in terms of implementation (UNHCR, 2016). The governments in the affected regions are sometimes ignor ant arguing that more of their resources would be wasted. Some of the other important principles for the aged that are lightly considered and easily ignored include: The UN Principles for Older Persons that insist on the care, independence, dignity, self-fulfillment and participation of older persons; the MIPAA that was endorsed in 2002 by the UN General assembly; and the Humanitarian Charter Sphere as well as Minimum Standards of the Humanitarian Response that established assistance and protection as the main pillars in Humanitarian action (Sidorenko, 2004). The vulnerable individuals including the older people in the population are protected in a large manner internationally, regionally and locally. The main challenge remains implementation of the created rules, laws, policies and principles. This remains to be a problem for all aid agencies. In conclusion, when disasters strike, the elderly find it difficult to access food. For instance, when Abdullahi flees from his country, it becomes difficult for him to register for food immediately. For others, it becomes challenging for them to access food distribution points and even transport the food from one point to another. These challenges undermine equal access to nutritional needs. Sometimes it is difficult for them elderly to consume food that has been provided because of the various reasons such as difficulties in cooking or chewing. Like in every population with old people, Dadaab faces these challenges and the vulnerability of the elderly exacerbates due to other additional factors (Fritsh, 2011). Immediate nutritional needs of the elderly can best be assessed by taking every facto into consideration and ensuring that the elderly are involved in the assessment. References Ache, C. and Majinge, C. (2010). International Law as a Mechanism to Advance the Rights of the Displaced in Africa: Examining the Role of the African Union Convention for the Protection and Assistance of the Internally Displaced Persons in Africa. African Yearbook of International Law Online / Annuaire Africain de droit international Online, 18(1), pp.413-449. Cdc.gov, (2016). Nutritional Status Indicators, Using the CDC Growth Charts and Overview CDC Growth Charts. [online] Cdc.gov. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpao/growthcharts/training/overview/page5_1.html [Accessed 22 Sep. 2016]. Fritsh, P. (2011). East Africa crisis: Older refugees arrive at Dadaab in search of better life. [online] Helpage.org. Available at: https://www.helpage.org/blogs/pascale-fritsch-2312/east-africa-crisis-older-refugees-arrive-at-dadaab-in-search-of-better-life-315/ [Accessed 23 Sep. 2016]. Geneva Conventions, 2006, International Law Update, 12, pp. 124-127 HelpAge International, (2013). Nutrition Interventions for Older People in Emergencies. [online] London WC1A 9GB, UK: HelpAge International, pp.1-68. Available at: https://nutritioncluster.net/wp-content/uploads/sites/4/2015/06/Nutrition-FINAL.pdf [Accessed 23 Sep. 2016]. Hokenstad, M, Restorick Roberts, A 2013, 'The United Nations Plans for a Future Free of Ageism and Elder Invisibility', Generations, 37, 1, pp. 76-79 Lanz, M, Max, E, Hoehne, O 2014, 'The Conference of High Contracting Parties to the Fourth Geneva Convention of 17 December 2014 and the duty to ensure respect for international humanitarian law', International Review Of The Red Cross, 96, 895-896, pp. 1115-1133 Olson, L 2009, 'Practical Challenges Of Implementing The Complementarity Between International Humanitarian And Human Rights Law--Demonstrated By The Procedural Regulation Of Internment In Non-International Armed Conflict', Case Western Reserve Journal Of International Law, 40, 3, pp. 437-461, Business Source Complete Runkle, J, Brock-Martin, A, Karmaus, W, Svendsen, E 2012, 'Secondary Surge Capacity: A Framework for Understanding Long-Term Access to Primary Care for Medically Vulnerable Populations in Disaster Recovery', American Journal Of Public Health, 102, 12, pp. e24-e32 Snchez-Garca, S., Garca-Pea, C., Duque-Lpez, M., Jurez-Cedillo, T., Corts-Nez, A. and Reyes-Beaman, S. (2007). Anthropometric measures and nutritional status in a healthy elderly population. BMC Public Health, 7(1). Sidorenko, A 2004, Implementation of the Madrid International Plan of Action on Aging: Research dimension, Geriatrics Gerontology International, 4, pp. S87-S89 Sidorenko, A, Mikhailova, O, Anisimov, V 2007. Implementation of the Madrid international plan of action on aging: The role of research, Archives Of Gerontology Geriatrics, 44, pp. 365-370 Sidorenko, A, Walker, A 2004, The Madrid International Plan of Action on Ageing: from conception to implementation, Ageing Society, 24, 2, pp. 147-165 UNHCR, (2016). African Union Convention for the Protection and Assistance of Internally Displaced Persons in Africa (Kampala Convention). [online] UNHCR. Available at: https://www.unhcr.org/4ae9bede9.html [Accessed 22 Sep. 2016]. Xiaoxin, D, Ling, L, Shiyi, C, Huajie, Y, Fujian, S, Chen, Y, Yanhong, G, Yunxia, W, Xiaoxu, Y, Xing, X, Jun, X, Yi, S, Zuxun, L 2014, Focus on vulnerable populations and promoting equity in health service utilization an analysis of visitor characteristics and service utilization of the Chinese community health service, BMC Public Health, 14, 1, pp. 900-919